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David Shepardson, Karen Freifeld, and Alexandra Alper, “U. S. Moves to Cut Huawei Off from Global Chip Suppliers as China Eyes Retaliation”, Reuters, May 15, 2020, https://www. reuters. com/article/us-usa-huawei-tech-exclusive/exclusive-us-moves-to-cut-huawei-off-from-global-chip-suppliers-idUSKBN22R1KC.

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623

Cheng Ting-Fang, Lauly Li, and Kenji Kawase, “China’s Top Chipmaker SMIC Cuts Spending Due to US Export Curbs”, Nikkei Asia, November 12, 2020, https://asia. nikkei. com/Economy/Trade-war/China-s-top-chipmaker-SMIC‐cuts-spending-due-to-US‐export-curbs.

624

Alexandra Alper, Toby Sterling, and Stephen Nellis, “Trump Administration Pressed Dutch Hard to Cancel China Chip-Equipment Sale: Sources”, Reuters, January 6, 2020, https://www. reuters. com/article/us-asml-holding-usa-china-insight-idUSKBN1Z50HN.

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627

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629

Kathrin Hille, Edward White, and Kana Inagaki, “US Allows Sales of Chips to Huawei’s Non‐5G Businesses”, Financial Times, October 29, 2020, https://www. ft. com/content/508b0828-bcd5–46a6–84f8-d05cb2887e0a.

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631

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633

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634

Jeong-Ho Lee and Sohee Kim, “Biden Finds a Key Ally Wary of His Bid to Outpace China on Chips”, Bloomberg, March 25, 2021, https://www. bloomberg. com/news/articles/2021–03–25/south-korea-s-chip-industry-is-trapped-between-the-u-s-and-china.

635

“Why Tiny Magnets Could Be China’s Destructive New Trade-War Weapon”, Bloomberg, June 5, 2019, https://www. bloomberg. com/news/articles/2019–06–05/why-tiny-magnets-could-be-china-s-destructive-new-trade-weapon.

636

Lucy Hornby and Henry Sanderson, “Rare Earths: Beijing Threatens a New Front in the Trade War”, Financial Times, June 4, 2019, https://www. ft. com/content/3cd18372–85e0–11e9-a028–86cea8523dc2.

637

“Rare Earths Give China Leverage in the Trade War, at a Cost”, Economist, June 15, 2019, https://www. economist. com/china/2019/06/15/rare-earths-give-china-leverage-in-the-trade-war-at-a-cost.

638

Marc Humphries, “Critical Minerals and U. S. Public Policy”, Congressional Research Service, accessed March 6, 2021, https://crsreports. congress. gov/product/pdf/R/R45810.

639

June Teufel Dreyer, “China’s Monopoly on Rare Earth Elements — and Why We Should Care”, Foreign Policy Research Institute, October 7, 2020, https://www. fpri. org/article/2020/10/chinas-monopoly-on-rare-earth-elements-and-why-we-should-care.

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641

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642

Martijn Rasser and Ashley Feng, “This Is How to Solve America’s Rare-Earths Dilemma”, National Interest, June 28, 2019, https://nationalinterest. org/feature/how-solve-americas-rare-earths-dilemma‐64751.

643

“Explainer: U. S. Dependence on China’s Rare Earth — Trade War Vulnerability”, Reuters, June 3, 2019, https://www. reuters. com/article/us-usa-trade-china-rareearth-explainer/explainer-u-s-dependence-on-chinas-rare-earth-trade-war-vulnerability-idUSKCN1T42RP.

644

David Lynch, “China Hints It Will Choke off U. S. ‘Rare Earths’ Access. But It’s Not That Easy”, Washington Post, June 10, 2019, https://www. washingtonpost. com/business/economy/2019/06/07/80a06794–8649–11e9-a491–25df61c78dc4_story. html.

645

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646

Nicholas Crawford, “Defending Against Economic Statecraft: China, the US and the Rest”, International Institute for Strategic Studies, October 2020, https://www. iiss. org/blogs/analysis/2020/10/economic-statecraft-china-us.

647

Sun Yu and Demetri Sevastopulo, “China Targets Rare Earth Export Curbs to Hobble US Defence Industry”, Financial Times, February 16, 2021, https://www. ft. com/content/d3ed83f4–19bc‐4d16-b510–415749c032c1.

648

“China Passes New Law Restricting Sensitive Exports”, Associated Press, October 18, 2020, https://apnews. com/article/technology-beijing-global-trade-china-national-security‐396e42dbf147c9b55863fb90099303cb.

649

Ernest Scheyder, “EXCLUSIVE U. S. Bill Would Block Defense Contractors from Using Chinese Rare Earths”, Reuters, January 14, 2022, https://www. reuters. com/business/energy/exclusive-us-bill-would-block-defense-contractors-using-chinese-rare-earths‐2022–01–14.

650

“To Combat China’s Holdon Rare Earth Minerals, Pentagon Looksto Australia”, Defense-News. com, August 27, 2019, https://www.

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