Обратный эффект санкций. Как санкции меняют мир не в интересах США - Агата Демаре

развил эту мысль на ПМЭФ в июне 2023 года, сказав: «Доллар ускоряющимися темпами теряет свои позиции, но он будет умирать медленно, а спасаться нужно срочно. Уход от расчетов в долларах, формирование новых платежных механизмов и создание новых логистических цепочек позволят минимизировать новые риски кризисных явлений». (Прим. науч. ред.)

412

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413

Своп — финансовая операция, когда вместе со сделкой заключается контрсделка об обратной продаже того же актива через определенное время. При валютном свопе происходит обмен валютами с обязательством совершить в определенную дату обратный обмен. (Прим. пер.)

414

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417

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418

Dinakar Peri, “Payment Issues over S‐400 Deal Resolved: Russian Officials”, Hindu, August 29, 2019, https://www. thehindu. com/news/national/payment-issues-over-s‐400-deal-resolved-russian-officials/article29281658. ece.

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421

“Dethroning the Dollar: America’s Aggressive Use of Sanctions Endangers the Dollar’s Reign”, Economist, January 18, 2020, https://www. economist. com/briefing/2020/01/18/americas-aggressive-use-of-sanctions-endangers-the-dollars-reign.

422

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423

“CIPS to Break Chinese Banks’ Global Monopoly over Yuan Clearing”, South China Morning Post, September 11, 2015, https://www. scmp. com/business/banking-finance/article/1857121/cips-break-chinese-banks-global-monopoly-over-yuan-clearing.

424

Saikat Chatterjee, “Exclusive — China’s Payments System Scaled Back; Trade Deals Only: Sources”, Reuters, July 13, 2015, https://uk. reuters. com/article/uk-china-yuan-payments/exclusive-chinas-payments-system-scaled-back-trade-deals-only-sources-idUKKCN0PN0P020150713.

425

Kida, Kubota, and Cho, “Rise of the yuan”.

426

Peter Harrell and Elizabeth Rosenberg, “Economic Dominance, Financial Technology, and the Future of U. S. Economic Coercion”, Center for a New American Security, April 29, 2019, https://www. cnas. org/publications/reports/economic-dominance-financial-technology-and-the-future-of-u-s-economic-coercion.

427

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428

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432

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433

Высказывание Прасада является отсылкой к концепции «флота в наличии» (англ. a Fleet in being, иначе «флот как фактор присутствия») — популярному в начале ХХ века принципу стратегического применения военно-морских сил, согласно которому боеспособный и сильный флот, даже находясь на базах и не выходя в море, сковывает действия противника самим фактом присутствия на морском театре военных действий, поскольку готов в любой момент перейти к активным действиям. После революции в военном деле и воздушных атак Таранто (1940 год) и Пёрл-Харбор (1941 год) теория «флота в наличии» утратила актуальность, но выражение используется в переносном смысле как «потенциальная угроза» или «потенциальный ресурс», ценность которого в возможности применения в любой момент. (Прим. науч. ред.)

434

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437

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439

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440

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441

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442

Andrey Ostroukh, “Russia Says BRICS Nations Favour Idea of Common Payment System”, Reuters, November 14, 2019, https://www. reuters. com/article/uk-brics-summit-russia-fx/russia-says-brics-nations-favour-idea-of-common-payment-system-idUSKBN1XO1KQ.

443

Virginie Robert, “Pierre Vimont: ‘Il faut que l’Europe soit capable de montrer qu’on peut mordre face aux sanctions extraterritoriales,’ ” Les Echos, March 22, 2021, https://www. lesechos. fr/monde/enjeux-internationaux/pierre-vimont-il-faut-que-leurope-soit-capable-de-montrer-quon-peut-mordre-face-aux-sanctions-extraterritoriales‐1300265.

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Tom Keatinge, Emil Dall, Aniseh Bassiri Tabrizi, and Sarah Lain, “Transatlantic (Mis) alignment: Challenges to US-EU Sanctions Design and Implementation”, Royal United Services Institute, July