Круто! Как подсознательное стремление выделиться правит экономикой и формирует облик нашего мира - Анетт Асп

337

Roderick, John. 2013. “Punk Rock Is Bullshit: How a Toxic Social Movement Poisoned Our Culture.” Seattle Weekly News, March 6. www.seattleweekly.com/2013–03–06/music/punk-rock-is-bullshit/.

338

Graeber, David. 2011. “Occupy Wall Street’s Anarchist Roots.” Aljazeera, November 20. www.aljazeera.com/indepth/opinion/2011/11/2011112872835904508.html.

339

Graeber, David. 2014. “Savage capitalism is back – and it will not tame itself.” The Guardian, May 30. www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2014/may/30/savage-capitalism-back-radical-challenge.

340

Liu, Catherine. 2011. American Idyll: Academic Antielitism as Cultural Critique. Iowa City: University of Iowa Press.

341

Gutfeld, Greg. 2014. Not Cool: The Hipster Elite and Their War on You. New York: Crown Forum.

342

Мы должны заметить, что помимо вклада, внесенного в компьютерную революцию, контркультура, конечно же, изменила общество и в других отношениях, в частности в области гражданских прав. Однако эти реформы нельзя назвать подлинной революцией. Таким образом, их можно рассматривать как пример кооптации.

343

Brand, Stewart. 1995. “We Owe It All to the Hippies.” Time, March 1. http://members.aye.net/~hippie/hippie/special_.htm.

344

Isaacson, Walter. 2011. Steve Jobs. New York: Simon & Schuster.

345

Подробную историю контркультуры и компьютерной революции см. в: Markoff, John. 2005. What the Dormouse Said: How the Sixties Counterculture Shaped the Personal Computer Industry. New York: Viking; and Turner, Fred. 2006. From Counterculture to Cyberculture: Stewart Brand, the Whole Earth Network, and the Rise of Digital Utopianism. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

346

Права на интеллектуальную собственность FOSS регулируются сложно. Наше определение дано на основании лицензии GPL.

347

Linux Frequently Asked Questions. www.getgnulinux.org/en/linux/linux_faq/.

348

См.: National Democratic Institute. “Democracy and Technology.” https://www.ndi.org/democracy-and-technology.

349

Goldin, Claudia, and Lawrence F. Katz. 2008. The Race Between Education and Technology. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press.

350

Autor, D. H. 2014. “Skills, education, and the rise of earnings in equality among the ‘other 99 percent.’ ” Science 344:843–51.

351

Acemoglu, Daron, Ufuk Akcigit, and Murat Alp Celik. 2014. “Young, Restless and Creative: Openness to Disruption and Creative Innovations.” NBER Working Paper no. 19894.

352

Halmos, 1957, Measure of Man, p. 90.

353

Schatz, Robin. 2014. “How to Attract the Unconventional Worker.” Inc., www.inc.com/magazine/201406/robin-schatz/how-to-attract-unconventionalemployees.html.

354

В литературе об инновациях также встречаются противоречивые мнения касательно дизруптивных инноваций. См.: Lepore, Jill. 2014. “The Disruption Machine.” The New Yorker, June 23.

355

Sgourev, S. V. 2014. “How Paris gave rise to Cubism (and Picasso): Ambiguity and fragmentation in radical innovation.” Organization Science 24:1601–17.

356

Shontell, Alyson. 2012. “The 15 Coolest Offices.” Business Insider, January 13. www.businessinsider.com/15-coolest-offices-in-tech-2012–1?op=1.

357

См., например: the British Council, Creative Cities, http://creativecities.britishcouncil.org/creative-industries , и EU’s Creative Cities Project, www.creativecitiesproject.eu/en/index.shtml.

358

Moretti, 2012. The New Geography of Jobs. New York: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt.

359

Иллюстрацию исчезновения и появления рабочих мест в период с 2003 по 2015 г. можно найти здесь: http://tipstrategies.com/geography-of-jobs/.

360

Moretti, 2012, New Geography of Jobs.

361

Gill, Rosalind. 2002. “Cool, creative and egalitarian? Exploring gender in project-based new media work in Europe.” Information, Communication & Society 5:70–89.

362

http://blog.notdot.net/tag/damn-cool-algorithms ; www.makeuseof.com/tag/7-cool-html-effects-that-anyone-can-add-to-their-website-nb/ ; www.zdnet.com/10-cool-android-apps-to-start-the-year-7000025635/ ; www.pinterest.com/mymodernmet/cool-diy-projects/ ; http://mashable.com/2014/03/05/boston-startups/.

363

Westcott, Kathryn. 2012. “Are ‘Geek’ and ‘Nerd’ Now Positive Terms?” BBC News Magazine. November 15. www.bbc.com/news/magazine-20325517.

364

Chaney, Jen. 2013. “ThinkGeek: The Nerd Company at a Crossroads.” The Washington Post. December 12. www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/magazine/thinkgeek-the-nerd-company-at-a-crossroads/2013/12/11/c7d579ba-4b12–11e3–9890-a1e0997fb0c0_story.html.

365

Green, Emma. 2103. “Mark Zuckerberg: Neither Republican, Democrat, nor Cool.” The Atlantic, September 18. www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2013/09/mark-zuckerberg-neither-republican-democrat-nor-cool/279809/.

366

Например, книга: Romero, Eric. 2012. Compete Outside the Box: The Unconventional Way to Beat the Competition. N.p.: KMFA Press.

367

Sengupta, Somini. 2012. “Why Is Everyone Focused on Zuckerberg’s Hoodie?” The New York Times, May 11. http://bits.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/05/11/why-is-everyone-focused-on-zuckerbergs-hoodie/?_php=true&_type=blogs&_r=0.

368

См. такие сайты, как http://gizmodo.com/5653143/geeks-versus-hipsters  ; www.becomecareer.com/geeks-hipsters ; https://blog.blogthings.com/2013/07/24/new-quiz-are-you-a-geek-or-a-hipster/.

369

Dar-Nimrod, Ilan, et al. 2012. “Coolness: An empirical investigation.” Journal of Individual Differences 33:175–85.

370

www.reuters.com/article/2011/09/06/us-americans-cool-survey-idUSTRE7852H320110906.

371

www.youtube.com/watch?v=PulUKsICY9o.

372

Согласно Google Trends.

373

Public Policy Polling, May 13, 2013. www.publicpolicypolling.com/PPP_Release_Hipsters_051313.pdf.

374

“Fire Brigade Called Out to Remove Dubai Hipster from Tight Red Pants.” 2012. The Pan-Arabia Inquirer, July 21. www.panarabiaenquirer.com/wordpress/fire-brigade-called-out-to-remove-hipster-from-tight-red-trousers/.

375

Meister, Jeanne. 2012. “Job Hopping Is the ‘New Normal’ for Millennials.” Forbes, August 14. http://www.forbes.com/sites/jeannemeister/2012/08/14/job-hopping-is-the-new-normal-for-millennials-three-ways-to-prevent-a-human-resource-nightmare/.

376

Castells, Manuel. 1996. The Rise of the Network Society, The Information Age: Economy, Society and Culture Vol. I. Cambridge, MA; Oxford, UK: Blackwell; Castells, Manuel. 1997. The Power of Identity, The Information Age: Economy, Society and Culture Vol. II. Cambridge, MA; Oxford, UK: Blackwell; Castells, Manuel. 1998. End of Millennium, The Information Age: Economy, Society and Culture Vol. III. Cambridge, MA; Oxford, UK: Blackwell.

377

Davenport, Thomas. 2005. Thinking for a Living. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press.

378

Arbesman, Samuel. 2012. The Half Life of Facts. New York: Current Hardcover.

379

См.: https://www.collegeboard.org/delivering-opportunity/sat/redesign.

380

Например, Хит и Поттер рассматривают современную крутизну как преимущественно демонстративное сигнализирование согласно иерархии, которая сегодня определяется степенью крутизны. Heath, Joseph, and Andrew Potter. 2004. Nation of Rebels: Why Counterculture Became Consumer Culture. New York: HarperBusiness.

381

Berger, Jonah, and Morgan Ward. 2010. “Subtle Signals of Inconspicuous Consumption.” Journal of Consumer Research 37:555–69.

382

Manlow, Veronica. 2009. Designing Clothes: Culture and Organization of the Fashion Industry. New York: Transaction Publishers.

383

Ruffle, B. J., and Richard Sosis. 2007. “Does it pay to pray? Costly ritual and cooperation.” The BE Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy 7: Iss.

384

См.: Featherstone, Mike. 1991. Consumer Culture and Postmodernism. London: Sage; McIntyre, R. 1992. “Consumption in contemporary capitalism: Beyond Marx and Veblen.” Review of Social Economy: 50:50–57.

385

Moretti, 2012, New Geography of Jobs.

386

Duncan, Fiona. 2014. “Normcore: Fashion for Those Who Realize They’re One in 7 Billion.” New York, February 26. http://nymag.com/thecut/2014/02/normcore-fashion-trend.html.

387

Duncan, 2014, “Normcore.”

388

Merelli, Annalisa. 2014. “A Brief History of Normcore and Other Things That Weren’t Things Before They Became Things.” Quartz, April 22. http://qz.com/201413/a-brief-history-of-normcore-and-other-things-that-werent-things-before-they-became-things/.

389

Frank, Thomas. 2014. “Hipsters, They’re Just Like Us! ‘Normcore,’ Sarah Palin, and the GOP’s Big Red State Lie.” Salon, April 27, www.salon.com/2014/04/27/hipsters_they%E2%80%99re_just_like_us_normcore_sarah_palin_and_the_gops_big_red_state_lie/.

390

“President Normcore: Obama Shops at Midtown Gap.” 2014. Gothamist, March 3. http://gothamist.com/2014/03/11/obama_does_normcore_president_shops.php#.

391

Purser, Craig. 2014. “Beer Industry Numbers Tell the Story of Effective Laws.” Roll Call, April 29. www.rollcall.com/news/beer_industry_numbers_tell_the_story_of_effective_laws_commentary-232381–1.html.

392

Schwartz, Barry. 2003. The Paradox of Choice. New York: Ecco.

393

Purser, 2014, “Beer Industry Numbers.”

394

Обзор и обсуждение некоторых спорных вопросов, касающихся обучения путем подражания у человека и других приматов, см.: Tomasello, Michael, Ann Cale Kruger, and Hilary Horn Ratner. 1993. “Cultural learning.” Behavioral and Brain Sciences 16:495–511; Byrne, Richard W., and Anne E. Russon. 1998. “Learning by imitation: A hierarchical approach.” Behavioral and Brain Sciences 21:667–84; Horowitz, Alexandra C. 2003. “Do humans ape? Or do apes human? Imitation and intention in humans (Homo sapiens) and other animals.” Journal of Comparative Psychology 117:325–36.