Обзор ядерных аварий с возникновением СЦР (LA-13638) - Томас Маклафлин

Второй тип активной зоны SPERT I 93 (стержни UO2 в воде, обогащение урана 4 %) испытывался в течение 1963 г. и 1964 г. Эксперименты по изучению переходных процессов с такой активной зоной показали действенность эффекта Доплера в самогашении и создали основу для анализа аварий подобных энергетических реакторов. Две попытки разрушить активную зону путем вывода реактора на очень короткие периоды (2,2 и 1,55 миллисекунд) были неудачными. В каждом случае эффект Доплера оказывался эффективным, и дополнительное гашение развивалось потому, что один или два топливных тонких стрежня (из нескольких сотен) трескался и вызывал локальное кипение. Считалось, что тонкие стержни были насыщены водой перед испытанием.

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